ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the performance of recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) assay in detection of Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae in freshwater fish samples, so as to provide insights into standardization and field application of this assay. Methods Wild freshwater fish samples were collected in the rivers of administrative villages where C. sinensis-infected residents lived in Jiangyan District, Xinghua County and Taixing County of Taizhou City, Jiangsu Province from June to September 2022. Genomic DNA was extracted from six freshwater fish specimens (5 g each) containing 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 C. sinensis metacercariae for fluorescent RAA assay, and the diagnostic sensitivity was evaluated. Fluorescent RAA assay was performed with genomic DNA from C. sinensis, Metorchis orientalis, Haplorchis pumilio and Centrocestus formosanus metacercariae as templates to evaluate its cross-reactions. In addition, the detection of fluorescent RAA assay and direct compression method for C. sinensis metacercariae was compared in field-collected freshwater fish samples. Results Positive amplification was found in fresh-water fish specimens containing different numbers of C. sinensis metacercariae, and fluorescent RAA assay was effective to detect one C. sinensis metacercaria in 5 g freshwater fish specimens within 20 min. Fluorescent RAA assay tested negative for DNA from M. orientalis, H. pumilio and C. formosanus metacercariae. Fluorescent RAA assay and direct compression method showed 5.36% (93/1 735) and 2.88% (50/1 735) detection rates for C. sinensis metacercariae in 1 735 field-collected freshwater fish samples, with a statistically significant difference seen (χ2 = 478.150, P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the detection of C. sinensis metacercariae in different species of freshwater fish by both the direct compression method (χ2 = 11.20, P < 0.05) and fluorescent RAA assay (χ2 = 20.26, P < 0.001), and the detection of C. sinensis metacercariae was higher in Pseudorasbora parva than in other fish species by both the direct compression method and fluorescent RAA assay (both P values < 0.05). Conclusions Fluorescent RAA assay has a high sensitivity for detection of C. sinensis metacercariae in freshwater fish samples, and has no cross-reactions with M. orientalis, H. pumilio or C. formosanus metacercariae. Fluorescent RAA assay shows a higher accuracy for detection of C. sinensis infections in field-collected freshwater fish than the direct compression method.
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Objective To understand the malaria prevalence and epidemic characteristics in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015,so as to provide the evidences for formulating the prevention and control strategy. Methods The malaria data of Internet reported cases as well as the reports on epidemiological survey of malaria cases in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015 were collected and analyzed with the methods of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. Results A total of 61 malaria cases were report?ed in Taixing City from 2005 to 2015,including 4 local cases and 57 imported cases. There were 9 cases of vivax malaria,47 cases of falciparum malaria,2 cases of malariae malaria,and 3 cases of ovale malaria. There was no seasonality in the occur?rence of imported malaria. Though there was no correlation between the times of malaria attack and the duration for going out (r = 0.154 ,P = 0.253),there was a negative correlation between the former and the timeliness for visiting a doctor (r = -0.312,P=0.014). Conclusions The malaria cases are mainly imported ones in Taixing City,and the Plasmodium spe?cies of infection are diverse. Imported malaria overseas remains the key point for malaria control in Taixing City.
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Objective] Summarizing the diagnosis and treatment about the tumor-related disease from “Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber”, thus to better use classic in clinic. [Method] Sort out the book that involves tumor-related diseases pathogenesis, therapeutic treatment and syndrome differentiation treatment, combine with each of the clinical words, analyze and summarize all the clinical experience of physicians. [Results]The book is not equipped with tumor article, many cancer-related clinical manifestations of the disease description can be seen in each chapter, although not forming a system, its pulse and symptoms are involved in different parts of the tumors. And the symptoms of lung cancer, stomach cancer, and gynecological tumors also have been mentioned.[Conclusion] Visible in the book, the etiology and pathogenesis of tumor related diseases have a certain understanding. In the aspect of treatment, pay attention to combining disease syndrome differentiation, treatment and syndrome differentiation. Then concluding all the physicians clinical experience we can see that “Synopsis of Prescriptions of the Golden Chamber”for the treatment of tumors has great significance. And classic of traditional Chinese medicine for modern TCM clinical still have important reference value and guiding significance.
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Objective To understand the current status of infections of intestinal parasites of population in Taixing City,Ji-angsu Province. Methods The infection rates and densities of human intestinal parasites were investigated according to the methods of the National Investigation Scheme on Human Principal Parasites,and the data of society,economy and disease con-trol were collected and analyzed. Results Among 2 556 people investigated in five villages,16 persons were found with intesti-nal parasites, with an infection rate of 0.63%. The infection rate was higher in residents with a low education level than in others and it was higher in the age group over 50 years than in the group under 50 years. The infection density was mild and the most was the single parasite infection. Conclusions The current status of intestinal parasite infections of population in Taixing City has reached the county-level control standard of Jiangsu Province. Therefore,the preventive strategy and measures should be ad-justed and the monitoring work should be strengthened.